The ancient Igbo pyramids in Udi, Enugu state, Nigeria, are fascinating architectural structures. While they may not be as widely recognized as the pyramids in Egypt and Sudan, they provide valuable insights into the historical and cultural heritage of the Igbo people.
The Igbo pyramids, also referred to as the Nsude pyramids, consist of ten circular mounds or stepped structures. These mounds are constructed using tightly packed earth and clay, reaching heights of up to 6 meters.
The largest pyramid among them is estimated to have a diameter of approximately 10 meters. Each pyramid was painstakingly built by hand, utilizing a technique known as "walling."
The Igbo people would first create a circular trench and then gradually add layers of earth, resulting in a stepped structure. The walls were constructed using a mixture of red earth, grass, and clay. Every layer was compacted and reinforced with wooden beams, contributing to the stability of the structure.
The Nsude pyramids were built as temples dedicated to the deities Ala and Uto, with each structure representing a residence for the deity.
The Nsude pyramids share similarities with the Step Pyramid of Djoser in Egypt, indicating the possibility of cultural exchanges and knowledge sharing between ancient Kemetic (Egyptian) civilization and West African civilizations like the Igbo.
It is important to note that although the Igbo pyramids resemble the Egyptian pyramids in shape, their purpose and cultural significance may differ. For instance, the Igbo pyramids are not as tall as those constructed in ancient Kemet, but this could be attributed to cultural reasons and their intended purpose.
Unlike the Egyptian pyramids, which were primarily constructed to house the physical bodies of deceased pharaohs, the Nsude pyramids were built as temples for deities, specifically Ala/Uto.
Interesting Fact:
Did you know that Sudan is home to more pyramids than Egypt? While pyramids are often associated with ancient Egypt, it's interesting to note that Sudan boasts a larger number of pyramids within its borders. With over 200 pyramids, Sudan surpasses Egypt, which has a total of 118 pyramids!
What else do you know about the Igbo pyramids? Share in the comments!👇🏽
Interesting links:
https://www.dukeintmagazine.com/african-culture-the-igbo-pyramids-of-nigeria-and-its-mystery/
Image 1: https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-forgotten-igbo-pyramids/8gz1vcv
Book: The Igbo Race, Origins and Controversies By Humphrey Akaolisa. Link here